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Condoms

Revisado: 4 de octubre de 2026

Solo en inglés por ahora

Condoms are the only contraception that also lowers the risk of STIs, including HIV. They work well when used correctly every time. Here is how to get it right.

Pregnancy and STI protection

Condoms stop sperm from reaching an egg. External condoms, sometimes called male condoms, are worn on the penis. Internal condoms, sometimes called female condoms, are worn inside the vagina. Condoms are the only type of contraception that also lowers the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. For the best protection, use a condom every time you have sex. Other methods, such as the pill or an IUD, do not protect against STIs.

How well they work

External condoms are up to 98% effective when used correctly every time. In real life, a condom can be put on too late, split or slip off, and typical use is about 82% effective. That means around 1 in 5 people who rely on condoms for a year get pregnant. Internal condoms are about 95% effective with perfect use and about 79% with typical use. Using them carefully every time makes a real difference.

How to use a condom

Check the expiry date, because an out-of-date condom may not work, and look for a recognised safety mark on the packet. Put the condom on before any contact between the penis and the vagina or anus. Squeeze the tip to push out any air, then roll the condom all the way down to the base of the penis. After sex, hold the base of the condom as you pull out so it does not slip off. Use a new condom every time you have sex.

Lubricant and latex

Many condoms are made of latex, but latex-free condoms are also available. They can help if you or your partner get irritation or an allergic reaction. Oil-based lubricant can make latex condoms break, so use a water-based or silicone-based lubricant instead.

If a condom splits or comes off

If a condom splits or comes off during sex, you may need emergency contraception to prevent pregnancy. Act quickly: it needs to be used within 3 to 5 days, depending on the type, and it works better the sooner you use it. You may also want an STI test. A doctor, nurse or sexual-health clinic can help with both, and a pharmacist can advise on emergency contraceptive pills.

This is general information. For advice on contraception or STI testing, talk to a doctor, nurse, pharmacist or sexual-health clinic.